Abstract

The term privacy refers to a place or environment that must be protected and secured. Privacy is a fundamental right of humanity recognized in international human rights instruments, constitutional frameworks, and the Islamic legal system. This study discusses the concept of privacy, its main categories, and the legal and practical dimensions of its violation. It focuses on residential privacy, informational privacy, and physical privacy, with particular attention to Afghan constitutional law, criminal procedure provisions, and Islamic jurisprudence. The study further analyzes the circumstances under which privacy may lawfully be restricted and distinguishes them from arbitrary or unlawful intrusions. The aim of this study is to illustrate the circumstances where privacy is violated and let people know to respect the privacy of each other. This study is not only crucial for individuals, but also for government officials to know their privacy and honor it. My methodology of collecting data is library-based. I have tried my best to utilize the first-hand materials and sources. At the same time, appropriate books and Afghanistan laws are well discussed and used. As a consequence, I can say that privacy can be disturbed both by individuals and government officials; and the very common types of privacy violations are: residential privacy, communication privacy and physical privacy. Even though legal contexts exist to protect privacy, violations remain frequent due to weak implementation, technological development, and administrative practices. The study determines that establishment of legal safeguards and judicial misunderstanding is vital to ensure effective and efficient protection of privacy rights.

Keywords

Islamic Information Privacy Physical Residential Violation